A2 vs B1: Which Dutch Language Level Should You Aim For?
A practical comparison of the A2 and B1 language levels. Understand the requirements for the 2013 and 2021 Acts and decide which level fits your personal goals.
Choosing the right language level to aim for is a critical decision in your integration journey. While the law often decides for you, understanding the practical difference between A2 and B1 can help you set realistic goals. This guide breaks down what you can do at each level.
A2 Level: The Foundation for Daily Life
Who needs it? The mandatory level for anyone under the 'Wet inburgering 2013'.
At the A2 level, you can handle simple, direct communication about everyday topics. Think of it as the language you need to manage your daily life independently.
- You can understand frequently used expressions related to shopping, family, and local geography.
- You can describe your own background and immediate needs in simple terms.
- You can communicate in routine tasks, like asking for directions or ordering food.
B1 Level: The Standard for Participation
Who needs it? The mandatory level for most people under the 'Wet inburgering 2021'. It is also the level of the Staatsexamen NT2 Programma I, often required for MBO (vocational) education.
B1 represents a significant step up. At this level, you move from just 'surviving' to actively 'participating' in conversations on familiar topics.
- You can understand the main points of clear texts about work, school, or leisure.
- You can handle most situations that might arise while travelling.
- You can write a simple, connected text on familiar topics and describe experiences, ambitions, and opinions.
So, Which Should I Choose?
- If the 2013 Act applies to you: A2 is your minimum requirement. However, aiming for B1 will make finding a job and integrating socially much easier.
- If the 2021 Act applies to you: B1 is your target. If you struggle, your municipality may allow you to test at the A2 level, but this is an exception.
- If you are integrating voluntarily: Passing the exams at the B1 level sends a stronger signal for citizenship or permanent residence applications and better prepares you for professional life in the Netherlands.
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